Formulation and validation of mathematical model for co-sputtering conditions to attain stoichiometric CZTS films: Expedience of using all metal sulfide targets
A soda lime glass substrate is used for fabricating Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films using copper (II) sulfide (CuS), zinc sulfide (ZnS), and tin sulfide (SnS) targets using an advanced co-sputtering deposition process.Following that, the films are annealed at 470 °C without sulfur (S).An algorithm based on the deposition rate of the previously specif